论政府间税收竞争关系的税法调整

政府间税收竞争的产生,既有财政分权的原因,也有政府绩效的理由。税收竞争若能依循秩序要求,将有益于资源配置的优化和公共服务质量的提高。经济转型国家的税收竞争更易进退失据、逾越正当界限。为保证税收竞争发挥积极作用,防止税收不当竞争引起的混乱,必须构建调整税收竞争关系的法律体系。     

审计计划中的审计成本核算和绩效目标探究

审计过程在某种意义上就是审计风险的控制过程。而对审计风险的控制必然要付出一定的代价,这个代价就是审计过程中耗费的成本,即审计风险控制成本或者审计成本。降低审计风险必然会加大审计成本,直接减少审计净收益;减少审计成本必然会提高审计风险,加大审计风险损失,间接减少审计净收益。就一个组织(政府或者企业)而言,审计计划必须充分考虑成本——效益原则,当然政府审计和民间审计的成本——效益原则内涵不同。与民间审计相比,政府审计的成本-效益度量更加复杂,综合考虑的因素更多。此外,审计计划中还存在一个不容忽视的前提条件,即审计…     

独立审计与公司治理结构的关系

独立审计服务的与众不同之处在于,作为审计服务购买方的被审计单位对审计服务的需求不是内生性的,而是来自于外界(例如,证券交易监督委员会、债权银行或外部股东)的法定义务,被审计单位本身不存在对审计服务的需求。审计服务的真正需求者是被审计单位的外部利益关系人,例如:投资者、债权人、税务机关、政府采购机关、学者等等。审计服务是衡量被审计单位的财务报表在多大程度上公允地、一致地披露了被审计单位的财务状况、经营成果与财务变动情况,审计服务通过诸如审计抽样等技术方法来检查被审计单位的财务报告与公认会计准则的符合程度来…     

英国房地产税制简介

房地产税是英国最主要的税种之一,包括住宅税和营业税。营业税自1990年起划为中央税种,税款上缴中央财政专户,作为支付转移资金,最终专项返还地方财政。     

Managing and financing metropolitan public services in China: experience of the Pearl River Delta region

Under China’s current fiscal policies and inter-governmental relations, it is a significant challenge to finance and deliver public services across jurisdictions. This challenge was met in the Pearl River Delta region in southern China with a collaborative governance approach. Directives from higher-level governments and horizontal inter-city fiscal arrangements were successfully combined to deliver public services. Effective networks should be developed to improve co-ordination and collaboration in delivering cross-jurisdictional public services.     

外资风险投资在中国内地投资影响因素研究

借用国际生产折衷理论,并结合不确定性理论研究影响外资风险投资决策的因素,结果发现:当中国内地与投资国(地区)的创业水平越高、文化差异越小时,外资风险投资的投资可能性越高;创业水平越高,投资规模和数量越大;文化差异越大,外资风险投资的数量越多.本文建议进一步改善中国内地创业环境,以更多地吸引外资风险投资,提高企业创新动力,推进优质企业国际化.     

Independent director cash compensation and earnings management

This study examines the impact of independent directors’ cash compensation on firms’ financial reporting quality using a sample of Chinese listed companies from 2002 to 2008. Unlike in the U.S. where most listed firms provide stock-related compensations to outside directors, Chinese listed companies compensate independent directors with cash only. This context offers a cleaner setting for examining the effects of independent director cash pay on earnings management. Our study documents a positive association between independent director cash compensation and the magnitude of earnings management. This suggests that compensating independent directors with higher cash pay compromises their independence and reduces their effectiveness in financial reporting oversight. Our results are robust to an array of sensitivity checks. These findings have important implications for both investors and policy makers by showing that independent directors’ cash compensation is also a significant determinant of financial reporting quality.     

Housing Preferences of Temporary Migrants in Urban China in the wake of Gradual Hukou Reform: A Case Study of Shenzhen

In the wake of the recent announcement by the State Council concerning the provision of public rental housing across China, and the gradual reform of China's household registration system (hukou), this article explores how potential adjustments in government housing policies (namely access to public rental housing) influence the housing preferences of temporary migrants who are currently residing inside the chengzhongcun (urban villages) of Shenzhen. The results indicate that dissatisfaction with rental cost and living conditions in these urban villages are the key reasons for migrants wishing to move into public rental housing if it is offered to them — and not the fact that they are treated differently within the hukou system. Public rental housing is welcomed in particular by newly arriving migrants who live outside the Shenzhen Special Economic Zone (SEZ), and migrants who have decided to remain in Shenzhen for the foreseeable future. By contrast, dissatisfaction with urban villages is the sole contributor to housing preferences for those residing inside the SEZ.     

浅析北京四合院与中华文化之联系

北京四合院是中国民居的代表,同时也蕴含中华文化的博大精深,本文从多个方面阐述四合院的文化价值以及对四合院与中华文化互相影响进行探讨。     

POSTERIOR‐PREDICTIVE EVIDENCE ON US INFLATION USING EXTENDED NEW KEYNESIAN PHILLIPS CURVE MODELS WITH NON‐FILTERED DATA

Changing time series properties of US inflation and economic activity, measured as marginal costs, are modeled within a set of extended New Keynesian Phillips curve (NKPC) models. It is shown that mechanical removal or modeling of simple low‐frequency movements in the data may yield poor predictive results which depend on the model specification used. Basic NKPC models are extended to include structural time series models that describe typical time‐varying patterns in levels and volatilities. Forward‐ and backward‐looking expectation components for inflation are incorporated and their relative importance is evaluated. Survey data on expected inflation are introduced to strengthen the information in the likelihood. Use is made of simulation‐based Bayesian techniques for the empirical analysis. No credible evidence is found on endogeneity and long‐run stability between inflation and marginal costs. Backward‐looking inflation appears stronger than forward‐looking inflation. Levels and volatilities of inflation are estimated more precisely using rich NKPC models. The extended NKPC structures compare favorably with existing basic Bayesian vector autoregressive and stochastic volatility models in terms of fit and prediction. Tails of the complete predictive distributions indicate an increase in the probability of deflation in recent years. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.